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uiten e `taten gat-wt ffxrert unanime Baron MACHINE.

A. N. NEWTON, or ,RicHMoNniNnIkNk Letters Patent No. 60,231, dated December 4, 1866 i i i sP:i:cj:1s':rCAfr'IoNA TO"AI1L WHOM IT MAY CONCERN1 'Be it known that I, A; N. EWTON, of Richmond, in the county.of .Wayne,falidiistate'oflIndianaphave i vinvented anew and useful Improvementin. Machines for Making Bricks; and I Ado hereby declare that the followf i ing is a full, clear, and exact descriptiop ofthe construction and operationofthe same, reference 'being had to. i

the annexed drawingamaking part ofthis specification, in which-4 Fignrel is a perspectiveview.v i Figure 2 is a vertical section. Figure 3, a side elevation of a' cam. Figure 4, a view'of another form of plunger. Figure 5, a side elevation. I The same letters are employed in all the different iigires in the indication 'of `the same parts. A is the frame upon which the machine is supported.- The clay, properly tempered and prepared, is intro ducedA into the hopper, B, by which it is conducted upon the endless apron, C,'n1ad e oi" some woven, India: rubber, or other suitable material. The apron passes around the roller D and the roller D. The roller Dis' driven by the pitman D3, attached to an eccentric wristfpin on the'face-wheel Gf. Thev pitmau is attached. `to the arm D4, bywhich the roller is turned forward with the forward motion of the pitman, theiarnr being attached by pawl and ratchet to the axle of the roller, so as not to turn it'as the Pitman runs back. "This maybe accom-` plished by any of the familiar arrangementof parts for the purpose, as employed in saw-,mills and other machinery.` i, The roller D turns at the same time with the `upper grand `roller, E, with which it is `connected by the spurwheels, D and E. F is a roller immediatelyabove the roller D and lower edge'of the hopper B; the journals `of this roller project through slots in-the'side of the casing, A, at F', and are attached by eyes, within which` i they turn, to the rods F, one` of which is fastenedto thesame crank-pin as the faceirhcel' G", asis `the pitinan D3, and the other to a similar crank-pinoli the wheel G. The revolution of the wheels G and Gr, which areon i the same shaft, communicates a reciprocating motion to the roller` F, by which it flattens the clayas it is drawn over it. Underneath the apron, immediately below the roller E, I propose to place a friction-roller parallel` to;

thupper roller, which is not shown in the drawings.` Between the rollerE and the apron will be leftia space equal to the thickness of abrick, so that by the action of this roller the Vsheet of clay may be formed tajust` p the required thickness and pass forward this form to the cutters. On each side of thehoppex-I place vertically endless aprons, Gf, of like `materialwith theeridless apron C, which, turning upo'n rollis ateach end, preventi any adhesion of `the clay to the sides of Vthe hopper. The clay `is carried forward to the cutters, which are thus actuated. vPower is applied to'the `wheel Hpwhich drives the spur Gand the face-wheel G onthe opposite side,`

of the machine and on thelsame shaft G. Onmthe -inner` faces of=Gand G l1 place the cams G', shapedlasr'" shown in iig. 3, so as to present an advanced point opposite Vthe centre, by which. increased pressure is applied to the plunger at aparticular time, as will be explained hereafter. These cams eccentrically attached to the i wheels G and G give a reciprocating motion Withthe revolution of these wheels t the vertical rods, I, with a` stirrup attheir lower ends passing around the shaft G. The transverse bars,` I, at .each endofthis stirrup, form` a yoke for the eccentrics G, whichcommnnicate motion, as mentioned, to these` rods, I. The rods Iare united by the bridge I', which supports the rods'I attached to the` plunger Il, and which plays up and down with the" l p motion of the rods I, between the slotted standards K. The plunger, L, isconstructed as follows: Above it is` i a cup L to contain the oil, or other lubricator, used in lubricatingrthe plunger. The oil,`or other lubricator, l may be drawn through a faucet into a groove in the upper face'of` the plunger, from which it passes through I` several minute apertures to the packing L, covering the sides and bottom of the plunger, `which is formed lof 1 some woven or other porous material. In iig.- 4 I show another form of plunger, being acaso to contain` the" oil, with minute apertures in the bottom, or near the same, through which the lubricating substance .may pass to p the cloth packing on the sides and bottom. The form of this plunger may begreatly varied, preserving, how-` 4ever, the essential feature of a non-adhesive surface on the bottom thereof.` VThe cutter, M,.is a metallic case,

surrounding the plunger on the sides, with sharpenedV edges below to cnt the clay into the size of bricks.` In i the drawings I have represented a single cutter making a single brick; in the large machines the number willV Y be increased so that, say five bricks can be cut at the v same time. The cutter'` slides up and down between the slotted standards,`K, and around the plunger. The4 plunger is actuated byrods, M', attached to the crank-pin i on the wheels G and G. These rods have slots in their upper ends running longitudinally, through which pass the wrists M, attached tc the cutters and passing through the slots in the standards, K. A spring, MH', receives the strain when the cutters are descending; it has a strength suicient to carry the cutters through the clay,

.but should they. encounter stones or other solid substances .the springs will relieve-the cutters, the wrist passing in the slotwithout suhcient strain to break the machinery. The cutters have a downward playthe width of the thickness of a brick greater than is allowed the plunger, and in ascending they rise an equal distance higher than the plunger.

The action of the two is as follows: The plunger and cutter descending together,.the latter moving faster than the formercuts the brick; the plunger is, by the force of the elongated point of the cam G3, pressed firmly against -the bricktforcing the clay to the full size ofthe cutter and consolidating the clay in the-cutter; the two are raised together',A raising at the same time the brick adhering to the sides of the cutter. `The attendant upon the machine4v immediately passes aboard beneath the cutter, and as it rises above the plunger the latter lprotrudes the vbriclc'which being received by the 'workman on theboard is carried away. The alternating motionvof the endless apron as the cutter is raised carries forward another section of the sheet of clay under the cutter and awaits its descent. O is an oscillating screen, operated by the rod O', whichmay be used for sifting iine sand upon the upper surface of the sheet of clay upon the apron to diminish the` adhesion to the bottom of the plunger. A

`Having fully'described the construction and operation of my machine for making bricks, what I claim as my inventiomand desire to secure by Letters Patent, isp 1. In a machine for making bricks, a reciprocating lubricated plunger acting in combination with an exterior reciprocating cutter, substantially in the mannerand for the purposel set forth.

r2. In combination with the plunger L and cutter M,V I claim the endless apron C, stationary when the cutters `are acting on the clay and moving forward when the cutters are raised, substantially as set forth..

3. I claim the actuating mechanism of the cutters L,.in combination with the same, when so arranged that the pressure shall. be applied tothe cutters by a ispring whichwill yield to the resistance of solid substances, substantially as set forth. v v

4. I claim the roller Efwhen used invco'r'ubination with the endless aprbn C, and so geared' that it shall revolve only with the forward motion of the same, substantially: as and for the purpose set forth.

5. I claim the reciprocating roller F, when operated substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth. I I

6.v In combination with the rodI and plunger L, I claim the actuating cam G3, when constructed substantially vas and for the purpose set forth l 7. The oscillating screen O, when constructed and operated as and for the purpose set forth.

8. I claim the vertical endless apron C', running lengthways with the side of the hopper, when used in combination with the endless'apron C and roller E,fsubstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my. name to this specification in the' presence of two subscribing witnesses.

A.l N. NEWTON.

Witnesses:

yJAMES M. Pon,

THOMAS McGIN. 

